分母

完成的人发生了什么

网站上的每个工资数字都描述了员工。本页描述了那些没有工作的人。在美国完成资格认证四年后,每个毕业组别中有些部分没有任何收入记录 — — 没有工资,没有自营职业收入。联邦政府对它进行衡量,并同时公布一个学院。从各个方案看,这是最接近资格认证失败率的。

15.4%

节目上最差的增长率: Cosmetology and personal grooming, undergraduate certificate or diploma.

1.0%

最佳利率在此公布: Rehabilitation and therapy, doctoral degree.

53,488

完成、停止学习、四年后没有收入记录的人,在以下所有方案中,他们全部完成、停止学习,四年后没有收入记录。 1,015,000.

“不工作”与“失业”不同,差别不是技术性问题

衡量标准是全年没有任何收入记录——W-2没有工资,在纳税申报时没有积极的自营职业收入;这些数据中没有询问任何人是否想要工作;因此,计算中包括选择不工作的人:抚养子女、照顾亲属、旅行、学习非学位的东西、靠伴侣的收入生活或移居国外;还包括所有想要工作但得不到工作的人。两者没有在任何地方,任何人,我们不会猜分出。数字确定的人数是有多少人完成了资格证书,四年后没有从它或其他任何方面获得任何收入——这是中位工资数字没有提及的问题。

计数者,不算人数者,

只有那些拿联邦学生援助的人 学生群是建立在联邦学生贷款和赠款制度基础上的,因此支付自己方式的完整者没有出现。这大约是美国本科生的一半。所缺的一半学生是否做得更好或更糟,没有公布,这是我们不知道的关于这些数字的最大一件事。

仍在学习的人既不在专栏中,也不在专栏中。 完成单身汉学业,直接进入硕士学位的人被排除在工作和非工作计算之外,这是正确的:他们没有找不到工作,也没有找工作。这也意味着这个比率是那些实际辍学的人的比例,而不是所有毕业的人的比例。

联邦方案法比工作粗。 节目以四位数颗粒形式出版,没有细微的文字。放射、呼吸和外科技术共用一个代码;物理疗法与职业疗法共用另一个代码;涵盖多个职业的行在下面标出,细节在每一行之下。如果分行,数字是有关代码,而不是关于其中的任何一项工作。

小型方案在源头受到压制,我们没有填补这一空白。 统计局对规模过小、无法安全出版的机构保留统计,并在出版的机构上增加统计噪音。因此,每行的统计噪音都与机构数量相加,足以举报。覆盖栏显示的是该部在其本国总数中有多少份额是回收的;下文没有显示任何情况。 75.0%,和没有出现任何出现与一组人以下 1,000.

我们看到的小型方案没有取得结果。 以最低报告方案——按按按国家分列的年龄组分列的按按国家分列的年龄组分列的人口比率分列的比率,按报告方案最小—— 30 — 删除。在本页每一行中,最大的运动是 0.6 百分点。这是检查者通常要求的并且它回来干净, 所以数字不是小群的人工。

每一个节目,我们都能先出版,最差的

以那些最终没有收入的人的份额来分类。它不是故意的,不是按工资来分类的——工资栏在这里,这样你可以看到那些找到工作的人在挣什么钱,而它从来不决定订单。

方案	不工作,未注册	连结	在职者中位工资	完成时的中中联邦债务	覆盖面
Cosmetology and personal grooming, undergraduate certificate or diploma 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 12.04 is cosmetology together with barbering, nail technology, esthetics and related grooming programmes. They lead to different state licences and somewhat different pay, and the Department publishes no split. What they have in common is the thing this row shows: they are the largest sub-degree programme in the country by completions, and they have the worst four-year outcome of any programme on this page.	15.4% 16,760	109,085	$26,307 $13,783–$41,270	$8,252	81.8% 788
Health and medical administration, associate's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.07 covers medical billing and coding, health information technology, medical office administration and, at graduate level, health services administration. The sub-degree end of this code is one of the most heavily marketed training products in the country, and its four-year outcome is among the worst on this page — but it is also the code where the Department suppresses the most, so the certificate row does not clear our coverage floor and is not published here at all.	14.1% 3,114	22,121	$37,073 $23,345–$49,261	$19,042	81.0% 213
Vehicle maintenance and repair, undergraduate certificate or diploma 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 47.06 is vehicle maintenance and repair: automotive technology, diesel and heavy equipment, collision repair, motorcycle and marine, and aircraft powerplant and airframe technology. Aviation maintenance leads to an FAA certificate and pays materially more than automotive work, and the Department publishes no split, so this figure is a blend and cannot be read as either.	9.7% 3,242	33,263	$51,586 $33,822–$71,553	$9,500	89.0% 263
Dental support (hygiene and assisting), undergraduate certificate or diploma 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.06 holds dental hygiene and dental assisting together, and the two are not comparable: dental hygiene is a licensed associate-degree role that pays around the associate figure here, dental assisting is a short certificate that pays far less. The credential level separates them better than the code does — the certificate row is mostly assisting, the associate and bachelor's rows mostly hygiene — but neither split is published, so neither is certain.	9.4% 1,703	18,040	$33,673 $21,167–$43,924	$9,201	75.3% 190
Ground transportation (truck and bus driving), undergraduate certificate or diploma 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 49.02 is ground transportation: truck and bus driving, and also flagging and traffic control. Most completions are truck driving. One caveat matters more here than anywhere else on this page — this covers only the driving schools that take federal student aid, and most CDL training is paid in cash or funded by a carrier and never appears in federal data at all.	8.4% 834	9,948	$52,118 $28,154–$74,052	$6,333	80.4% 74
Allied health and medical assisting, associate's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.08 covers medical assisting, pharmacy technician, medical transcription, phlebotomy, veterinary technology and several other support roles in one code. They pay very differently and the Department publishes no split.	8.1% 2,159	26,631	$42,269 $28,587–$56,048	$14,062	79.4% 376
Chiropractic, first professional degree CIP 51.01 is chiropractic and nothing else — no other programme is filed under it, so unlike most codes here the figure is about one qualification and one profession.	7.5% 235	3,126	$61,163 $33,422–$89,313	$193,488	100.0% 10
Health and medical administration, bachelor's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.07 covers medical billing and coding, health information technology, medical office administration and, at graduate level, health services administration. The sub-degree end of this code is one of the most heavily marketed training products in the country, and its four-year outcome is among the worst on this page — but it is also the code where the Department suppresses the most, so the certificate row does not clear our coverage floor and is not published here at all.	7.4% 1,488	20,230	$58,716 $41,903–$80,437	$25,325	87.9% 204
Dietetics and clinical nutrition, bachelor's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.31 is dietetics and clinical nutrition. The bachelor's degree no longer reaches the registered dietitian credential on its own — since 2024 the Commission on Dietetic Registration has required a master's — so this row covers a qualification that is now a step rather than a destination, which is part of why its four-year outcome is worse than the graduate rows in health.	7.1% 226	3,178	$55,753 $40,535–$68,442	$22,375	83.3% 67
Allied health diagnostic and treatment, undergraduate certificate or diploma 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.09 is the broadest code on this page and it is shared. Radiography, respiratory therapy, surgical technology, cardiovascular technology, sonography, perfusion, athletic training and physician assistant studies are all inside it, and the Department publishes no split. At associate level the code is dominated by imaging, respiratory and surgical technology; at master's level by physician assistant programmes, which is why the earnings jump. No figure here is specific to any one of those occupations and it must not be quoted as though it were.	6.1% 870	14,190	$57,584 $37,331–$79,965	$9,500	76.4% 256
Vehicle maintenance and repair, associate's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 47.06 is vehicle maintenance and repair: automotive technology, diesel and heavy equipment, collision repair, motorcycle and marine, and aircraft powerplant and airframe technology. Aviation maintenance leads to an FAA certificate and pays materially more than automotive work, and the Department publishes no split, so this figure is a blend and cannot be read as either.	5.8% 707	12,247	$58,424 $40,794–$77,509	$12,000	75.1% 152
Air transportation, bachelor's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 49.01 is air transportation: professional pilot programmes together with aviation management, air traffic control and flight operations. The bachelor's row is mostly professional pilot and aviation management, and the Department publishes no split between them.	5.0% 229	4,552	$85,825 $61,701–$118,209	$22,067	93.0% 46
Law (research doctorate), doctoral degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 22.01 at doctoral level is the research doctorate in law and a small number of professional programmes the Department classes at this level rather than as first professional. It is not the ordinary route to practising law, which is the first-professional JD row.	4.7% 266	5,651	$105,518 $75,697–$161,837	$113,386	96.4% 25
Law (JD), first professional degree CIP 22.01 at first-professional level is the Juris Doctor. The figure is about law graduates, not admitted lawyers: it counts everyone who finished the degree, including those who never sat or never passed a bar examination. That is the right population for the question "was law school worth it" and the wrong one for "how many lawyers are out of work".	4.6% 1,860	40,840	$107,773 $75,568–$176,111	$106,239	97.0% 163
Architecture, bachelor's degree CIP 04.02 is architecture proper — the accredited professional degree route. It excludes interior architecture, landscape architecture and urban planning, which have their own codes. It is one of the cleaner codes on this page. Note that the degree is only the first of the three requirements for a licence: the experience hours and the six-division examination come after, and NCARB reports the average path from start to licence at 12.3 years.	4.6% 203	4,438	$66,914 $54,236–$78,634	$26,442	94.0% 79
Social work, bachelor's degree CIP 44.07 is social work, and the master's row is the MSW — the degree that leads to clinical licensure in every state. It is one of the larger and cleaner codes here. It does not include counselling or psychology, which have their own codes.	4.5% 1,259	28,250	$51,790 $39,212–$64,160	$23,611	93.1% 407
Architecture, master's degree CIP 04.02 is architecture proper — the accredited professional degree route. It excludes interior architecture, landscape architecture and urban planning, which have their own codes. It is one of the cleaner codes on this page. Note that the degree is only the first of the three requirements for a licence: the experience hours and the six-division examination come after, and NCARB reports the average path from start to licence at 12.3 years.	4.5% 96	2,118	$74,139 $62,872–$86,117	$31,166	84.4% 50
Practical nursing and nursing assistant training, undergraduate certificate or diploma 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.39 puts practical and vocational nursing — the LPN/LVN route — in the same code as nursing-assistant and orderly training, and at certificate level the two cannot be separated. Those are very different qualifications: one is a licensed clinical role reached after about a year, the other is a few weeks of training for work that pays far less. This figure is both of them together, and the mix is not published, so it may not be read as the LPN figure.	4.3% 2,047	47,882	$56,073 $37,200–$76,301	$10,605	84.2% 643
Public health, bachelor's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.22 is public health: epidemiology, health education, environmental health and health policy, plus the MPH. It leads to no single occupation and no licence, which is unusual on this page and worth weighing — the qualification is real, but nothing legally requires it for any specific job.	4.3% 602	14,095	$58,808 $41,981–$79,154	$22,500	86.6% 163
Health and medical administration, master's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.07 covers medical billing and coding, health information technology, medical office administration and, at graduate level, health services administration. The sub-degree end of this code is one of the most heavily marketed training products in the country, and its four-year outcome is among the worst on this page — but it is also the code where the Department suppresses the most, so the certificate row does not clear our coverage floor and is not published here at all.	4.3% 595	13,970	$89,981 $62,852–$126,886	$40,243	86.6% 165
Dental support (hygiene and assisting), associate's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.06 holds dental hygiene and dental assisting together, and the two are not comparable: dental hygiene is a licensed associate-degree role that pays around the associate figure here, dental assisting is a short certificate that pays far less. The credential level separates them better than the code does — the certificate row is mostly assisting, the associate and bachelor's rows mostly hygiene — but neither split is published, so neither is certain.	4.2% 353	8,378	$61,982 $42,175–$79,205	$15,375	83.7% 205
Allied health diagnostic and treatment, associate's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.09 is the broadest code on this page and it is shared. Radiography, respiratory therapy, surgical technology, cardiovascular technology, sonography, perfusion, athletic training and physician assistant studies are all inside it, and the Department publishes no split. At associate level the code is dominated by imaging, respiratory and surgical technology; at master's level by physician assistant programmes, which is why the earnings jump. No figure here is specific to any one of those occupations and it must not be quoted as though it were.	4.1% 1,226	29,788	$65,389 $46,431–$84,999	$14,653	84.6% 487
Public health, master's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.22 is public health: epidemiology, health education, environmental health and health policy, plus the MPH. It leads to no single occupation and no licence, which is unusual on this page and worth weighing — the qualification is real, but nothing legally requires it for any specific job.	4.1% 563	13,669	$82,751 $61,518–$113,501	$41,000	87.0% 172
Communication disorders (speech and hearing), bachelor's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.02 covers speech-language pathology and audiology together. At master's level it is overwhelmingly speech-language pathology, because audiology moved to a clinical doctorate; at bachelor's level it is a pre-professional degree that qualifies you for neither on its own, which is worth knowing before enrolling.	3.5% 390	11,012	$58,928 $44,993–$73,005	$20,500	94.4% 203
Social work, master's degree CIP 44.07 is social work, and the master's row is the MSW — the degree that leads to clinical licensure in every state. It is one of the larger and cleaner codes here. It does not include counselling or psychology, which have their own codes.	3.4% 1,503	44,604	$65,123 $51,662–$79,737	$37,736	96.9% 248
Rehabilitation and therapy, bachelor's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.23 covers physical therapy, occupational therapy, therapeutic recreation, art and music therapy and rehabilitation counselling together. The doctoral row is mostly the Doctor of Physical Therapy alongside occupational therapy doctorates; the master's row is mostly occupational therapy and counselling. Physical therapy alone cannot be extracted from any of them, so none of these is the physical therapy figure.	3.3% 137	4,167	$55,792 $40,044–$73,848	$25,000	80.5% 71
Dentistry (advanced and specialty), doctoral degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.04 at doctoral level is a small group of programmes the Department classes as doctoral rather than first professional, including advanced and specialty dental training. The ordinary route to practising dentistry is the first-professional row.	3.2% 35	1,089	$166,240 $98,293–$241,274	$373,155	95.0% 5
Pharmacy, doctoral degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.20 is pharmacy together with pharmaceutical sciences and pharmacy administration. The first-professional row is the PharmD, the route to licensure; the doctoral row is largely research doctorates in pharmaceutical science, which lead to laboratory and industry work rather than a pharmacy counter.	3.1% 181	5,819	$136,696 $117,606–$156,076	$181,778	91.5% 36
Registered nursing, associate's degree CIP 51.38 is registered nursing, together with nursing administration, nursing research and clinical nursing specialisms. At associate and bachelor's level it is almost entirely pre-licensure programmes leading to the NCLEX-RN, so the figure can fairly be read as being about becoming a registered nurse. At master's level and above it also carries nurse practitioners, nurse anaesthetists, nurse midwives, nurse educators and nursing administrators, which are different jobs with different pay.	3.0% 2,548	86,299	$80,813 $61,109–$103,839	$14,910	95.0% 862
Pharmacy, first professional degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.20 is pharmacy together with pharmaceutical sciences and pharmacy administration. The first-professional row is the PharmD, the route to licensure; the doctoral row is largely research doctorates in pharmaceutical science, which lead to laboratory and industry work rather than a pharmacy counter.	2.9% 438	14,903	$138,348 $120,409–$158,074	$141,047	93.0% 80
Allied health diagnostic and treatment, bachelor's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.09 is the broadest code on this page and it is shared. Radiography, respiratory therapy, surgical technology, cardiovascular technology, sonography, perfusion, athletic training and physician assistant studies are all inside it, and the Department publishes no split. At associate level the code is dominated by imaging, respiratory and surgical technology; at master's level by physician assistant programmes, which is why the earnings jump. No figure here is specific to any one of those occupations and it must not be quoted as though it were.	2.8% 320	11,503	$70,786 $50,919–$95,942	$25,090	79.8% 226
Dentistry (DDS/DMD), first professional degree CIP 51.04 at first-professional level is the DDS and DMD. It does not include dental hygiene or dental assisting, which are CIP 51.06 and appear separately. Specialty residencies taken after the degree are also outside it.	2.7% 210	7,918	$170,812 $110,187–$239,976	$257,402	98.6% 53
Dental support (hygiene and assisting), bachelor's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.06 holds dental hygiene and dental assisting together, and the two are not comparable: dental hygiene is a licensed associate-degree role that pays around the associate figure here, dental assisting is a short certificate that pays far less. The credential level separates them better than the code does — the certificate row is mostly assisting, the associate and bachelor's rows mostly hygiene — but neither split is published, so neither is certain.	2.6% 82	3,202	$68,061 $51,213–$83,379	$20,000	91.3% 69
Registered nursing, bachelor's degree CIP 51.38 is registered nursing, together with nursing administration, nursing research and clinical nursing specialisms. At associate and bachelor's level it is almost entirely pre-licensure programmes leading to the NCLEX-RN, so the figure can fairly be read as being about becoming a registered nurse. At master's level and above it also carries nurse practitioners, nurse anaesthetists, nurse midwives, nurse educators and nursing administrators, which are different jobs with different pay.	2.5% 4,421	177,214	$88,910 $67,853–$114,470	$22,310	97.1% 825
Rehabilitation and therapy, master's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.23 covers physical therapy, occupational therapy, therapeutic recreation, art and music therapy and rehabilitation counselling together. The doctoral row is mostly the Doctor of Physical Therapy alongside occupational therapy doctorates; the master's row is mostly occupational therapy and counselling. Physical therapy alone cannot be extracted from any of them, so none of these is the physical therapy figure.	2.5% 302	11,993	$71,416 $53,551–$86,212	$56,717	88.6% 187
Optometry, first professional degree CIP 51.17 at first-professional level is the Doctor of Optometry. It is a small and well-defined code: sixteen institution groups report, and they cover 86% of the Department's national count.	2.4% 42	1,740	$131,525 $100,524–$158,455	$172,132	86.1% 16
Communication disorders (speech and hearing), master's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.02 covers speech-language pathology and audiology together. At master's level it is overwhelmingly speech-language pathology, because audiology moved to a clinical doctorate; at bachelor's level it is a pre-professional degree that qualifies you for neither on its own, which is worth knowing before enrolling.	2.2% 249	11,235	$67,030 $53,057–$82,358	$41,000	93.2% 223
Nursing (advanced practice and administration), master's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.38 is registered nursing, together with nursing administration, nursing research and clinical nursing specialisms. At associate and bachelor's level it is almost entirely pre-licensure programmes leading to the NCLEX-RN, so the figure can fairly be read as being about becoming a registered nurse. At master's level and above it also carries nurse practitioners, nurse anaesthetists, nurse midwives, nurse educators and nursing administrators, which are different jobs with different pay.	1.7% 1,064	62,282	$120,193 $94,642–$149,472	$42,730	95.8% 391
Medicine (doctoral programmes), doctoral degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.12 at doctoral level is a mixture of programmes the Department classes as doctoral rather than first professional. The ordinary MD and DO route is the first-professional row, and the same residency caveat applies to both.	1.5% 73	4,714	$118,504 $77,695–$219,037	$216,633	76.6% 21
Medicine (MD/DO), first professional degree CIP 51.12 at first-professional level is the MD and DO. Read the earnings figure with the calendar in mind and it stops being surprising: four years after finishing medical school almost everyone in this cohort is a resident, and a resident's salary is not a doctor's salary. This row measures the bottom of the curve, not the plateau, and the Department publishes nothing further out.	1.3% 423	31,703	$112,460 $77,012–$214,525	$193,336	86.3% 128
Rehabilitation and therapy, first professional degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.23 covers physical therapy, occupational therapy, therapeutic recreation, art and music therapy and rehabilitation counselling together. The doctoral row is mostly the Doctor of Physical Therapy alongside occupational therapy doctorates; the master's row is mostly occupational therapy and counselling. Physical therapy alone cannot be extracted from any of them, so none of these is the physical therapy figure.	1.3% 56	4,291	$81,641 $67,036–$93,971	$102,124	80.9% 44
Nursing (advanced practice and administration), first professional degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.38 is registered nursing, together with nursing administration, nursing research and clinical nursing specialisms. At associate and bachelor's level it is almost entirely pre-licensure programmes leading to the NCLEX-RN, so the figure can fairly be read as being about becoming a registered nurse. At master's level and above it also carries nurse practitioners, nurse anaesthetists, nurse midwives, nurse educators and nursing administrators, which are different jobs with different pay.	1.3% 18	1,387	$133,099 $107,508–$174,772	$67,996	81.9% 22
Allied health diagnostic and treatment, master's degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.09 is the broadest code on this page and it is shared. Radiography, respiratory therapy, surgical technology, cardiovascular technology, sonography, perfusion, athletic training and physician assistant studies are all inside it, and the Department publishes no split. At associate level the code is dominated by imaging, respiratory and surgical technology; at master's level by physician assistant programmes, which is why the earnings jump. No figure here is specific to any one of those occupations and it must not be quoted as though it were.	1.2% 166	13,462	$127,347 $103,242–$152,756	$109,092	83.6% 161
Nursing (advanced practice and administration), doctoral degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.38 is registered nursing, together with nursing administration, nursing research and clinical nursing specialisms. At associate and bachelor's level it is almost entirely pre-licensure programmes leading to the NCLEX-RN, so the figure can fairly be read as being about becoming a registered nurse. At master's level and above it also carries nurse practitioners, nurse anaesthetists, nurse midwives, nurse educators and nursing administrators, which are different jobs with different pay.	1.1% 74	7,033	$138,131 $106,294–$185,434	$69,145	81.3% 113
Rehabilitation and therapy, doctoral degree 共有代码——涵盖不止一个职业 CIP 51.23 covers physical therapy, occupational therapy, therapeutic recreation, art and music therapy and rehabilitation counselling together. The doctoral row is mostly the Doctor of Physical Therapy alongside occupational therapy doctorates; the master's row is mostly occupational therapy and counselling. Physical therapy alone cannot be extracted from any of them, so none of these is the physical therapy figure.	1.0% 119	11,740	$82,893 $68,836–$95,078	$87,112	89.0% 150

来源: 美国教育部、学院记分卡、研究领域数据,2026年6月10日公布,收入在完成后四年内计量,是该部公布的全国数字;不工作率是该部公布的机构一级的计数总和,其覆盖范围是该部在相同的方案和级别上本国工人计数的这一总和,其下为报告机构小组的数目。 · 视图

如何阅读两栏钱

工资栏是幸存者的数字,这就是关键。 在同一组人中,工作的人的中位数——另一栏中的人不在,每个工地的中位数都是这样构建的;几乎没有人在工地旁边显示一列,把两者加在一起看是唯一的薪酬数字意味着什么:高非工作率旁边的高中位数是一个方案,让那些做得好的人和有意义的分享没有做到。

债务栏是下限,不是价格。 完成时,联邦贷款债务的中位数是联邦贷款债务——人们实际上从政府借来的。它不包括赠款、储蓄、家庭资金、私人贷款和生活费用,因此这里每个方案的实际成本都高于所显示的数字,以一个无人出版的数字计算。也是举报一个问题的机构之间的中位数,这与学生之间的中位数不同。

有些为早四年,有些为早四年,有些为晚四年,有些为晚四年。 证明书上说,四年后就是一个固定的职业,医学是居住中心的中间,这就是为什么医疗排的收入远远低于医生最终将创造的收入的原因——这个数字是真实的,只是测量曲线底部,该部没有发表任何进一步的资料,我们也没有发表。

所有这些都说,一个方案不是坏的。法律上可以要求资格,或者你愿意做的唯一工作途径,并且仍然显示一个差劲的四年结果。专栏所做的就是停止将薪酬数字视为一种承诺。

按偿还期分列的所有全权证书 · 如何计算 · 数据来源